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Apoptotic pathways
Apoptosis is a crucial physiological process that plays a key role in the development and maintenance of tissue homeostasis, as well as in the response to cellular stress and damage. The process of apoptosis is regulated by a complex network of molecular pathways, including the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. In the extrinsic pathway, signals from…
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Apoptosis – Molecular Basis
Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, is a crucial process in multicellular organisms that plays a key role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to cellular stress and damage. Dysregulation of apoptosis can lead to various diseases, including cancer and autoimmunity. The molecular basis of apoptosis involves two main pathways: the extrinsic pathway, which…
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Classical pathway of Complement system
Diagram illustrating the classical pathway of the complement system, with labeled steps including initiation, activation of C1, formation of C3 convertase, amplification of the complement cascade, and formation of membrane attack complex (MAC).
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Functions of Complement system
The complement system is a critical component of the innate immune system that plays a vital role in recognizing and eliminating invading pathogens. Composed of more than 30 plasma proteins, the complement system is activated through several different pathways and exerts its effector functions through various mechanisms. These functions include opsonization, recruitment of inflammatory cells,…
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Pathways of Complement activation
The complement system is a crucial component of the immune response, consisting of a cascade of proteins that work together to identify and eliminate pathogens. There are three main pathways of complement activation: the classical pathway, the alternative pathway, and the lectin pathway. Each pathway is initiated by different triggers and involves unique mechanisms of…
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