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Membrane Potential
The membrane potential is a fundamental concept in cellular physiology, playing a crucial role in the proper functioning of cells. It refers to the electrical potential difference across a biological cell membrane, which is maintained by ion gradients. These gradients are created by the selective permeability of the membrane to ions such as sodium, potassium,…
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Cell Cycle (Basic)
I. Introduction II. Interphase A. G1 phase B. S phase C. G2 phase III. Mitotic Phase IV. Conclusion
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Cell cycle regulatory proteins
I. Introduction II. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) III. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) IV. Retinoblastoma protein (Rb) V. Tumor protein p53 (p53) VI. Conclusion
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Ion Channels
Ion channels are vital membrane proteins that regulate the passage of ions, influencing cell physiology and essential processes like nerve impulses and muscle contraction. They can be categorized based on ion selectivity, gating mechanisms, and regulatory processes. Examples include voltage-gated channels that respond to membrane potential changes and ligand-gated channels activated by specific molecules. Cyclic…
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